CMJ

Countermovement Jump (CMJ)

A vertical jump preceded by a fast downward dip — the most-used field test for lower-body explosive power.

Last updated May 20, 2026

The Countermovement Jump (CMJ) is a vertical jump where the athlete starts standing, drops quickly to a self-selected depth, and immediately rebounds maximally upward. The downward dip pre-loads the stretch-shortening cycle, so the CMJ measures concentric power augmented by elastic and reflex contributions.

Performed with hands fixed on hips ("no-arm" CMJ) for cleaner comparison, or with arm swing (Abalakov jump) for sport-specific transfer. Jump height is the primary outcome (cm), but a force plate can also yield peak power, peak force, and rate of force development. Pair with the Squat Jump to compute the Eccentric Utilization Ratio (EUR = CMJ ÷ SJ).

Typical CMJ heights: elite male field-sport athletes 50–70 cm without arms, 60–80 cm with arms; women's NCAA soccer 35–45 cm; high-school athletes 35–55 cm.

Where it's used

Pre-season baselines, weekly readiness screening (small drops in CMJ height correlate with fatigue), talent ID.

References

  • Bosco C, Luhtanen P, Komi PV (1983). A simple method for measurement of mechanical power in jumping. Eur J Appl Physiol.

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